Supplementary Table 1
Clinical Decision Making, Time with Patients, and Continuity and Coordination Among Physicians with Low or High Participation in Managed Care


  Low Managed Care High Managed Care
1997 1999 2001 1997 1999 2001
Has Clinical Freedom to Make Decisions            
   Primary Care 89.6a 85.8*a 88.5* 83.8a 81.9a 84.5*
   Specialist 78.4 81.4* 88.7*# 70.4 74.1* 84.7*#
   All 82.7 83.2 88.7*# 75.4 77.1 84.7*#
Can Make Clinical Decisions in the Interest of Patients without Reducing Income            
   Primary Care 81.4a 79.1a 82.7* 74.8a 73.3a 75.2a
   Specialist 72.8 72.0 82.2*# 66.9 69.9* 79.8*#
   All 76.2 74.9 82.4*# 69.9 71.2 77.9*#
Can Maintain Continuing Relationships with Patients            
   Primary Care 82.9a 82.9a 81.9a 74.1a 73.7a 73.6
   Specialist 66.9 68.6 76.6*# 53.9 59.8* 71.2*#
   All 73.3 74.5 78.9*# 61.6 65.4* 72.2*#
Communication Between PCPs & Specialists is Sufficient to Ensure Quality of Care            
   Primary Care 88.0a 86.7a 83.3*# 84.9a 81.9*a 77.5*#
   Specialist 76.8 78.6 80.6# 73.4 74.3 76.5#
   All 81.2 81.9 81.8 77.7 77.2 76.9
Has Adequate Time to Spend with Patients During Typical Visits            
   Primary Care 73.6a 69.8* 65.2*#a 60.7a 56.6*a 52.8*#,a
   Specialist 78.5 72.3* 73.5# 69.8 61.5* 62.8#
   All 76.6 71.3* 70.0# 66.4 59.6* 58.8#

Notes: Bold text shows that physicians in the top third of managed care revenue (i.e., high managed care) were statistically different from estimates for low managed care physicians (i.e., in the bottom third of managed care revenue).

* Change from previous survey is statistically significant at p<.05.

# Change from 1997-2001 is statistically significant at p<.05.

a. Primary care physicians were statistically different from specialists in the same year.